<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace GuzzleHttp\Promise;

/**
 * Represents a promise that iterates over many promises and invokes
 * side-effect functions in the process.
 *
 * @template TKey of array-key
 * @template TValue
 * @template TReason
 *
 * @implements PromisorInterface<mixed, mixed>
 *
 * @final
 */
class EachPromise implements PromisorInterface
{
    use NonSerializableTrait;

    /** @var array<int, PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>>|null */
    private ?array $pending = [];

    private int $nextPendingIndex = 0;

    /** @var \Iterator<TKey, TValue|PromiseInterface<TValue, TReason>>|null */
    private ?\Iterator $iterable;

    /** @var (callable(int): int)|int|null */
    private $concurrency;

    /** @var (callable(TValue, TKey, PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>): mixed)|null */
    private $onFulfilled;

    /** @var (callable(TReason, TKey, PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>): mixed)|null */
    private $onRejected;

    /** @var Promise<mixed, mixed>|null */
    private ?Promise $aggregate = null;

    private ?bool $mutex = null;

    /**
     * Configuration hash can include the following key value pairs:
     *
     * - fulfilled: (callable) Invoked when a promise fulfills. The function
     *   is invoked with three arguments: the fulfillment value, the index
     *   position from the iterable list of the promise, and the aggregate
     *   promise that manages all of the promises. The aggregate promise may
     *   be resolved from within the callback to short-circuit the promise.
     * - rejected: (callable) Invoked when a promise is rejected. The
     *   function is invoked with three arguments: the rejection reason, the
     *   index position from the iterable list of the promise, and the
     *   aggregate promise that manages all of the promises. The aggregate
     *   promise may be resolved from within the callback to short-circuit
     *   the promise.
     * - concurrency: (integer) Pass this configuration option to limit the
     *   allowed number of outstanding concurrently executing promises,
     *   creating a capped pool of promises. There is no limit by default.
     *
     * @param iterable<TKey, TValue|PromiseInterface<TValue, TReason>> $iterable Promises or values to iterate.
     * @param array{
     *     fulfilled?: callable(TValue, TKey, PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>): mixed,
     *     rejected?: callable(TReason, TKey, PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>): mixed,
     *     concurrency?: int|(callable(int): int)
     * } $config Configuration options
     */
    public function __construct(iterable $iterable, array $config = [])
    {
        $this->iterable = Create::iterFor($iterable);

        if (isset($config['concurrency'])) {
            $this->concurrency = $config['concurrency'];
        }

        if (isset($config['fulfilled'])) {
            $this->onFulfilled = $config['fulfilled'];
        }

        if (isset($config['rejected'])) {
            $this->onRejected = $config['rejected'];
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return PromiseInterface<mixed, mixed>
     */
    public function promise(): PromiseInterface
    {
        if ($this->aggregate) {
            return $this->aggregate;
        }

        try {
            $this->createPromise();
            $this->iterable->rewind();
            $this->refillPending();
            if (!$this->pending) {
                Utils::queue()->add(function (): void {
                    if (!$this->aggregate || Is::settled($this->aggregate)) {
                        return;
                    }

                    try {
                        $this->checkIfFinished();
                    } catch (\Throwable $e) {
                        $this->aggregate->reject($e);
                    }
                });
            }
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            $this->aggregate->reject($e);
        }

        return $this->aggregate;
    }

    private function createPromise(): void
    {
        $this->mutex = false;
        $this->aggregate = new Promise(function (): void {
            if ($this->checkIfFinished()) {
                return;
            }
            reset($this->pending);
            // Consume a potentially fluctuating list of promises while
            // ensuring that indexes are maintained (precluding array_shift).
            while ($promise = current($this->pending)) {
                next($this->pending);
                $promise->wait();
                if (Is::settled($this->aggregate)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        });

        // Clear the references when the promise is resolved.
        $clearFn = function (): void {
            $this->iterable = $this->concurrency = $this->pending = null;
            $this->onFulfilled = $this->onRejected = null;
            $this->nextPendingIndex = 0;
        };

        $this->aggregate->then($clearFn, $clearFn);
    }

    private function refillPending(): void
    {
        if (!$this->concurrency) {
            // Add all pending promises.
            while ($this->addPending() && $this->advanceIterator()) {
            }

            return;
        }

        // Add only up to N pending promises.
        $concurrency = is_callable($this->concurrency)
            ? ($this->concurrency)(count($this->pending))
            : $this->concurrency;
        $concurrency = max($concurrency - count($this->pending), 0);
        // Concurrency may be set to 0 to disallow new promises.
        if (!$concurrency) {
            return;
        }
        // Add the first pending promise.
        $this->addPending();
        // Note this is special handling for concurrency=1 so that we do
        // not advance the iterator after adding the first promise. This
        // helps work around issues with generators that might not have the
        // next value to yield until promise callbacks are called.
        while (--$concurrency
            && $this->advanceIterator()
            && $this->addPending()) {
        }
    }

    private function addPending(): bool
    {
        if (!$this->iterable || !$this->iterable->valid()) {
            return false;
        }

        $promise = Create::promiseFor($this->iterable->current());
        $key = $this->iterable->key();

        // Iterable keys may not be unique, so we use a counter to
        // guarantee uniqueness
        $idx = $this->nextPendingIndex++;

        $this->pending[$idx] = $promise->then(
            function ($value) use ($idx, $key): void {
                if ($this->onFulfilled) {
                    ($this->onFulfilled)(
                        $value,
                        $key,
                        $this->aggregate
                    );
                }
                $this->step($idx);
            },
            function ($reason) use ($idx, $key): void {
                if ($this->onRejected) {
                    ($this->onRejected)(
                        $reason,
                        $key,
                        $this->aggregate
                    );
                }
                $this->step($idx);
            }
        );

        return true;
    }

    private function advanceIterator(): bool
    {
        // Place a lock on the iterator so that we ensure to not recurse,
        // preventing fatal generator errors.
        if ($this->mutex) {
            return false;
        }

        $this->mutex = true;

        try {
            $this->iterable->next();
            $this->mutex = false;

            return true;
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            $this->aggregate->reject($e);
            $this->mutex = false;

            return false;
        }
    }

    private function step(int $idx): void
    {
        // If the promise was already resolved, then ignore this step.
        if (Is::settled($this->aggregate)) {
            return;
        }

        unset($this->pending[$idx]);

        // Only refill pending promises if we are not locked, preventing the
        // EachPromise to recursively invoke the provided iterator, which
        // cause a fatal error: "Cannot resume an already running generator"
        if ($this->advanceIterator() && !$this->checkIfFinished()) {
            // Add more pending promises if possible.
            $this->refillPending();
        }
    }

    private function checkIfFinished(): bool
    {
        if (!$this->pending && !$this->iterable->valid()) {
            // Resolve the promise if there's nothing left to do.
            $this->aggregate->resolve(null);

            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }
}
